Do Solar Panels Work in the Winter or on Cloudy Days?
This is part of our guide to how solar panels work.
If you've been considering installing solar panels, you may wonder whether they're worth it during Scotland's long winters and cloudy days. The good news is that solar panels don't become useless during the chillier, darker months (even in Scotland!). However, it's important to understand how they perform in different weather conditions so you can manage expectations and make informed decisions.
Solar Panel Efficiency in Winter
Here’s a little-known fact that might surprise you: solar panels rely on light to generate electricity, not heat. This means cold temperatures don't negatively affect their performance. On the contrary, solar panels can be more efficient on crisp, sunny winter days than scorching summer ones. Heat causes energy loss, so the cooler winter allows solar panels to work more effectively.
That said, Scotland's reduced daylight hours in winter will inevitably decrease energy output. Fewer hours of sunshine mean less time for your solar panels to absorb light, even if they're working at peak efficiency during those hours.
What About Snow?
Rarely, heavy, long-lasting snowfalls will significantly impact solar panel performance. Most modern installations place panels at an angle, so snow tends to slide off naturally. Even a light covering of snow won't completely block light, as some photons can still penetrate thin layers to keep your system running!
If you do experience a heavier snowfall, it’s easy to carefully clear the panels using a soft brush or special snow removal tool.
Solar Panel Efficiency on Cloudy Days
Scotland is no stranger to grey skies, but cloudy weather doesn't stop solar panels from generating electricity. Modern solar technology is designed to capture diffused light, meaning that even when clouds scatter sunlight, your panels can still convert it into energy. However, cloud cover does reduce energy output – panels may operate at about 10-25% of their usual capacity depending on how thick the clouds are.
On a particularly bright, overcast day (yes, that’s a thing), a phenomenon called cloud edge effect might even result in a temporary boost in performance. This happens when sunlight reflects off the edges of clouds, increasing the intensity of light that reaches your panels.
Why Solar Panels Are Still Worth It
While solar panels are less productive during winter and cloudy weather, they can still contribute to your energy needs year-round. Here’s why they’re worth the investment:
Consistent energy generation: Even in winter, your solar panels will continue producing electricity, reducing your reliance on grid energy.
Improved efficiency in cold weather: Panels perform better in cooler temperatures, with less energy loss.
Year-round benefits: Any reduction in grid energy usage helps cut your carbon footprint and contributes to a sustainable future.
Modern, high-efficiency solar panels are designed to make the most of available light, ensuring you'll still see the benefits even during Scotland's more overcast days.
Don’t Forget About Energy Efficiency
Solar panels are just part of the equation for creating an energy-efficient home. Pairing your panels with proper home insulation can prevent heat loss during the winter months, helping you use less energy overall. A well-insulated home works with renewable energy systems, allowing you to maximise your savings and sustainability efforts.
Government Support for Solar Panels
If you’re ready to make the switch to clean, renewable energy, this is the perfect time to do it. Homeowners in Scotland may be eligible for government funding or grants to install solar panels and other energy efficiency measures. Under schemes like ECO4 and Home Energy Scotland, you could receive funding for solar panel installations or even additional measures like cavity wall or loft insulation.
Check your eligibility and explore your options for maximising your home’s green potential. Apply for funding today and take the first step towards a more sustainable future.
Start Your Solar Journey Today
Solar panels are proven to be effective even during Scotland's cloudy winters, so don't hold off on reaping the benefits of renewable energy. Explore our free government-funded schemes to find out how you can combine solar panels with home insulation and other measures.
See if you qualify for funding and join countless eco-conscious homeowners in taking the next step toward lasting energy efficiency.
